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D in the Heart of Texas             

Jerry T. Dealey

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Dealey Plaza Changes To-Date

Early History of Texas
The Europeans and American Settlers
John Neely Bryan – And Other Early Founders
Some Wheeling-Dealing to Grow a City
George Bannerman Dealey
The Dallas Morning News is Born
The Great 1908 Flood
G. B. Promotes Other Early Dallas Growth
The "City of Hate"
Building the ‘Subway’, Triple Underpass, Dealey Plaza
The Other Buildings Around Dealey Plaza
The Elder G. B. Dealey
The Dallas "Citizens Council"
The ‘Right Wing’ Direction of Dallas - "City of Hate" Revisited
A ‘Turn-Around’ for the Dallas Morning News
The Pre-November ‘Hate’ Incidents
Dallas’ Law Enforcement
November 1963, Why Dallas?
Dealey Plaza Changes To-Date

Very few changes have been made to Dealey Plaza itself, as it is the city’s intent to keep it much as it was in 1963. The most obvious changes have been the addition of a series of plaques and other tributes commemorating the tragedy of November 22, 1963.
The highway sign to the north of Elm Street, which blocked Zapruder’s filming of the first shot (according to some), has been permanently removed. An overhead sign over Elm Street now replaces this directional sign. Another directional sign down by the steps to the Grassy Knoll has also been replaced. The light poles that were in the area in 1963 were moved back from the curb to the other side of the sidewalk in 1964-67. Additional light poles were also added to the south side of Elm, and the north side of Commerce streets. The posts on both sides of Main Street have remained. A couple of new trees have been planted on both sides of Main Street, close to Houston St., as have some new trees close to the Triple Underpass itself.
A number of markers have been added to the area. A marker was added to both of the pergolas in the 1970s, one about Bryan at the “Bryan” pergola (hence its name) where Zapruder was filming, and one about the Cockrells at the “Cockrell” pergola, on the south side by the old Postal Annex building. There has also been a plaque placed on the Elm St. facade of the TSBD. Behind the concrete obelisk near Houston at Main Street, bronze bas-relief plaques have been placed describing the motorcade and events of November 22. These were placed in 1967, and were made to be similar in appearance to the plaques behind the George Bannerman Dealey statue on the south side. In 1985 two large flagpoles were added in the center areas between Elm and Main streets, and Main and Commerce streets. And finally, a memorial marker was placed along the north side of Elm Street, approximately even with the location of the limousine at the time of the fatal Kennedy head shot. This plaque was commemorated during a ceremony on November 22, 1993, at which I attended as a member of the Dealey family. At that time, the Dealey Plaza Historic District was named a national landmark.


The famous picket fences have been replaced completely at least twice, once in 1988 and again in 1999. They may have been replaced completely more than this, but I know of documentation for these two times. The fence pickets themselves are constantly being replaced, as they have been stolen, broken or vandalized with graffiti on a regular basis. The 1999 replacement even included cutting off the metal upright posts the picket fence was attached to, and the installation of new posts; however, it is questionable if even these cut posts were part of the original.


Elm, Main and Commerce streets have been repaved over the years, with up to 5-6 inches of pavement added to them since 1963. This is really obvious if you look from the sewer opening on the north side of Elm St. This relates to those theories that say a shot from the drain occurred, as with the raised pavement there is hardly any clear view of the level the President would have been on remaining (if there really ever was enough view to line up and get off a good shot).


The small hill towards the Triple Underpass, on the north side of Elm St. has collapsed twice since 1963. The collapse in the 1970s was repaired, causing a slight build-up of Elm Street in the area nearest the underpass, and a slight declination of the slope. A part of this slope collapsed again in 1990, but was repaired with no change in the basic slope or appearance. Dealey Plaza has been repainted and repaired on a regular basis, since the building of the Sixth Floor Exhibit, whose funds help maintain the area.




IE150-1.GIF - 6031 BytesD in the Heart of Texas - Table of Contents
03LEFT.JPG - 1910 Bytes November 1963, Why Dallas? (Part 2)
03RIGHT.JPG - 1880 Bytes Conclusion


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Last edited June 3, 2003